BLOOMINGTON, Ind. -- In hospitals today, the first warning that a post-operative patient is going into septic shock is often when the patient's blood pressure collapses and cardiac arrest begins. By that time the patient has a high probability of dying, or if he survives, an even higher probability of permanent major organ damage after a long stay in an intensive care unit.

A new company, SpheroSense Technologies Inc., will produce a hand-held device that will monitor post-operative and trauma patients for early warning signs of sepsis, or infection in the bloodstream, so medical personnel can intervene with antibiotics and anti-inflammatories before organs are damaged. This would reduce the likelihood of death or disability and prevent many expensive stays in ICUs.

The company was founded a year ago by Professor James A. Glazier and two colleagues, Professor Bogdan Dragnea and doctoral student Dragos Amarie, in the Biocomplexity Institute at Indiana University Bloomington. Dr. James Kuo has joined the firm as Interim CEO and Andrew Cothrel as Interim COO.
Bacteria often circulate at low levels in the bloodstream prior to the onset of sepsis. SpheroSense will detect them by continuously tracking the concentration of specific protein markers in patients' bloodstreams. Such continuous monitoring cannot be performed by any current or announced device, Glazier said.

"The incidence of sepsis exceeds that of colon cancer, breast cancer or AIDS. There are about a million cases of sepsis every year in the United States, and the mortality rate is more than 30 percent," he said.

No hospital would check patients' pulses only once a day to see if they were alive, yet patients are lucky if their blood chemistry is checked even that often. The tests are expensive, and despite the growing market for bedside (point-of-care) testing, the tests are usually done in a central or remote laboratory.

"In 10 years, we will regard continuous monitoring of blood chemistry as routine and essential, and such monitoring will improve therapy and save lives and money," Glazier said. Rapid testing at the patient's bedside has the potential to revolutionize the delivery of health care.

Glazier and his colleagues have developed a new type of miniature optical device, the microcavity surface plasmon resonance sensor, which is able to detect and quantify molecular binding in very small volumes of a sample. This sensor improves on the performance of the hundred-thousand-dollar instruments currently used in drug-discovery and biochemistry laboratories worldwide, including at IU and at Eli Lilly and Co., while greatly reducing the cost per measurement. This will allow very low-cost, continuous screening for medical applications as well as high-throughput instruments for research and drug discovery.

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